Steam-engine.



No. 801,651. PATENTED OCT. 10, 1905. C. S. DAVIS & J. ZILLIOX.

STEAM ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED 1113.9. 190s.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.y

(,HARLES SQDAVIS AND JOHN ZILLIOX, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, AS-

SIGNORS TO VILLIAM B` PIERCE COMPANY, OF BUFFALO, NEW

YORK.

STEAM-ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 10, 1905.

To /LZZ 10h/mt it 77u03/ concern:

Be it known that we, CHARLES S. DAVIS and JOHN ZILLIOX, citizens of theUnited States, and residents of Buffalo, in the county of Erie and Stateof New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Steam-Engines,of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that class of cylinder and piston engines inwhich the valve which controls the admission of the actuating fluid tothe cylinder and the exhaust is operated from the reciprocating piston.

One object of the invention is to produce an engine of this generalcharacter which is very simple and compact and which for that reason isparticularly desirable for use in structures in which the available roomis very small--as, for instance, in cleaners for boiler fines and tubes,in which cleaners the engine is combined with a vibrating hammer orrapper which is actuated by its piston.

Another object of the invention is to so construct the valve and pistonthat the valve is not liable to leak or to rebound when being' shiftedby the piston and does not interfere with the proper operation of thepiston.

The accompanying' drawings represent the improved engine as forming partof a fluecleaner; but it is obvious that the engine may be used forvarious other purposes-for instance, for driving automobiles.

ln the accompanying' drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectionthrough a flue-cleaner embodying the invention in line l l, Fig. 2. Fig.2 is a transverse section thereofl in line 2 2, Fig. l. Fig. 3 is atransverse section thereof in line 3 3, Fig'. 1. Fig. si is a transversesection through the hammer-operating piston, cylinder, and valve in line4 LI, Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a similar view in line 5, Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is aplan view of the cylinder removed from the inclosing' casing. Fig. 7 isa perspective view of the valve detached.

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several figures.

A represents an inclosing casing or shell having' the form of acylindrical open-ended tube, which is connected at its rear end to thefront end of a pipe B by a hollow screwthreaded coupling'V or union b.This pipe serves as the handle for manipulating the cleaner and as thesupply-conduit for the steam or other actuating iuid.

C represents the oscillating hammer or rapper, arranged at the front endof the shell and mounted in any suitable manner-for instance, as shown,on a pivot-pin c, carried by a hollow cylindrical bearing-block c, whichfits snugly in the casing and is held against endwise movement thereinbetween the forward end of the cylinder and an internal shoulder e2 atthe forward end of the casing.

D represents the piston, composed of end heads D and a connectingreduced body D2.

represents the piston-rod, which connects the piston with the hammer orother part to be actuated. As shown, this rod is provided at its frontend with a yoke (W, having a pin d, which engages in a slot rl in thehammer.

E represents the cylinder, which comprises a cylindrical body fitted inthe shell A, a rear head e, and a front head d. 4The latter forconvenience in assembling' the parts is prefe ably detachably litted inthe end of the cylinder-body. The rear head e of the cylinder abutsagainst the front end of the coupling b, and the front head e abutsagainst the rear end of the bearing-block c for the hammer, so that byscrewing the coupling tightly into the casing the cylinder-body, fronthead, and bearing-block are held tightly in the casing between thecoupling and the shoulder at the forward end of the casing. The pistonchamber or bore @i of the cylinder is formed eccentrically therein, sothat the wall of thecylinder-body at one side is thick enough for theformation of ports or passages of ample size. The cylinder lits snuglyin the tubular casing', and the ports or passages are formed bylongitudinal channels or grooves in the external cylindrical face of thecylinder, the casing forming the outer wall of cach port or passage.

F, Figs. l, 2, and 3, represents the supply port or passage, throughwhich the actuating' fluid passes from the supply-pipe B to thevalve-chamber formed in the cylinder between the piston-heads and aroundthe reduced piston-body. This port opens at its outer end f in the rearcylinder-head e to receive the fluid and opens at its inner end j"through the wall of the cylinder, midway between the ends thereof, intothe valve-cham ber formed around the reduced body of the piston betweenthe piston-heads. rIhis inlet-portis formed in the thin portion of thecylinder-wall.

G, Figs. l, 2, and 6, represents the exhaustport, which is formed in thethick portion of IOO port.

the cylinder-wall diametrically opposite the l packing-rings of anysuitable constructioninlet-port F. This exhaust-port opens at its innerend g into the valve-chamber midway between the heads of the cylinderand opens at its front end g into the cavity of the bearing-block c,from which the exhaust escapes forwardly.

H and I represent the front and rear ports, through which the actuatingiiuid passes from the valve-chamber to the ends of the cylinder and fromthe latter to the exhaust-port. These ports are formed in the thickportion of the cylinder-wall on opposite sides of the exhaust- The portsH and I open into the valvechamber at their inner ends c' and into thecylinder at their outer ends /L z", respectively.

K represents the slide-valve, which'is arranged inthe annular chamberbetween the piston heads and mounted on the reduced body of the piston,so as to be capable of sliding thereon from one piston-head to theother. The valve is saddle or U shaped, having approximately the form ofa half-cylinder, and straddles the body ofthe piston, having its openside arranged toward the supply-port F, so that the valve is seatedagainst the opposite part of the cylinder in which the front and rearports and the exhaust-port are arranged, against which part of thecylinder the valve is snugly held by the fluid-pressure.

The valve is held from turning on the body of the piston by suitablemeans, such as a transverse bearing-piece Z, which is secured to thepiston-body and extends beneath the opposite legs of the valve. Thelatter is provided with longitudinal sidefaces 7c and transverse raisedsemicircular ribs In, arranged near the ends of the valve. These facesand ribs bear throughout their length on wthe inner face of thecylinder. The ends 7a2 of the valve, outside of the ribs flu", arereduced in diameter, so that when the valve is in contact with eitherpiston-head a space is left between the piston-head and valve whichestablishes communication between the supplyport and valve-chamber andthe front and rear port H or I, according to the position of the valve.the ribs k and the longitudinal faces 7c is reduced to provide anexhaust-cavity las, which establishes communication between theexhaust-port G and one or the other of the front and rear ports H I,according to the position of the valve. By reason of this constructionthe valve is held by the iuid-pressure against that side of the cylinderwhich is provided with the exhaust-port and the front and rear ports, sothat no packing-rings for the valve are required. The frictional contactof the valve with the cylinder also prevents the valve from reboundingwhen struck by the piston-heads, so that leakage of the valve isprevented and its proper action maintained at all times.

The piston-heads may be provided with The body of the valve betweenv forinstance, rings m, located in annular grooves in the piston-heads andeach composed of halves, which are held yieldingly against thecylinder-wall by springs m', arranged in diametrical pockets in thepistonhead. The ring-sections may be provided with guide-stems whichproject into pockets and serve also as retainers for the springs, asshown.

Assuming the piston and valve to be in the position indicated in thedrawings, the operation of the engine is as follows: Steam or otherfluid under pressure from the pipe B enters the valve-chamber betweenthe pistonheads, through the supply-port F, and passes through the spacebetween the rear end of the valve and adjacent piston-head and the frontport H to the front end of the cylinder in front of the piston, which itdrives rearwardly. The front head of the piston engages the Valve nearthe end of the stroke and moves the valve rearwardly to the position inwhich communication between the valvechamber and the front port H is cutoff, and the exhaust-port G is placed in communication with the port H.This movement of the valve also places the rear port I in communicationwith the valve-chamber, so that the steam from the supply-port passesthrough the port I to the cylinder in rear of the rear piston-head anddrives the piston forward. Near the end of this stroke the valve isreturned by the piston to the position indicated in the drawings. Thepiston is thus rapidly reciprocated, and this movement is transmitted tothe hammer or other part with which the piston is connected.

We do not wish to claim in this application any subject-matter relatingto the cleaner mechanism herein shown and described, because suchsubject-matter is claimed in our pending application, filed August 9,1902, Serial No. 118,985.

W'e claim as our inventionl. The combination of a cylinder having anexhaust-port and fluid-ports at thesame side, a reciprocating pistoncomprising heads and a reduced connecting-body, and a slide-valve whichis mounted on said reduced body between said heads tomove-longitudinally of the piston and is free to move transversely ofthe cylinder to compensate for wear and is seated by the Huid-pressureagainst the port face of the cylinder, said valve being shifted by thepiston, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of a cylinder having an exhaust-port and Huid-portsat the same side; a reciprocating piston having heads and a reducedconnecting-body, and a saddle-shaped slide-valve which straddles saidreduced body and is seated by the fluid-pressure against the port faceof the cylinder, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of a cylinder having an IOO IIO

IIS

exhaust-port and adjacent fluidports at the same side, a reciprocatingsolid piston having heads and a reduced connecting-body, anapproximately semicylindrical slide-valve which straddles said body andis seated by the fluidpressure against the port face of the cylinder andprovided in its convex face with an exhaust-cavity, substantially as setforth.

4. The combination of a cylinder having an exhaust-port and adjacentHuid-ports at the saine side, a reciprocating' solid piston having headsand a reduced connecting-body, an approximately seniicylindrical solidslide-valve which straddles said body and is provided with longitudinalside faces and transverse semicylindrical ribs` seated against the portface of the cylinder and forming an eXhaust-cavity in the valve,substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of a cylinder having an exhaust-port and adjacentHuid-ports at one side, a reciprocating piston having heads and areduced connecting-body, an approximately seated against the port faceof the cylinder and forming an exhaust-cavity in the valve, said ribsbeing arranged at a distance from the ends of the valve, leaving` asteam-space between the end of the valve and the pistonhead againstwhich the valve bears, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination of a cylinder having an eccentrically-arranged borewhereby its wall is thicker at one side than at the opposite side, ashell surrounding said cylinder, exhaust and iiuid passages bothfoi-ined in thc external surface of the thick portion of the wall of thecylinder, a reciprocating piston having heads and a connecting-body, anda slide-valve rnounted on said body, substantially as set forth.

fitness our hands this 17 th day of January,

CHAS. S. DAVIS. JOHN ZILLIOX.

fitnessesz seniicylindrical slide-valve which straddles 1 said body andis provided with longitudinal side faces and transverse semicylindricalribs,

JNO. J. BoNNuR, C. M. BENTLEY.

